How do I crop a photo without changing its aspect ratio?

Check the source pixels and final physical size

Resolution decisions should start with the actual pixel dimensions, the intended physical output and the target or provider-specified PPI. Metadata labels alone do not add or remove source pixels.

Apply the answer to this specific question

Cropping changes the visible frame; it does not need to distort the image. Compare the source and target aspect ratios to understand which edge will lose content. The practical consequence should be checked with Image Crop Percentage Calculator, Aspect Ratio Calculator when your own dimensions, page count, cost or production values differ from the example implied by the question.

What commonly changes the result

For “How do I crop a photo without changing its aspect ratio?”, the most important variables are the ones represented by the linked calculator and any provider-controlled specification. A correct arithmetic result can still be unsuitable if the source dimensions, category, page yield, trim, bleed, margin or production method were assumed incorrectly.

A better verification workflow

For How do I crop a photo without changing its aspect ratio?, record the source measurement or controlling specification first, then run the real job values through image crop percentage, aspect ratio. Keep the result with the job notes, compare it with the physical file or material, and recheck any provider-controlled rule immediately before production or upload.

Practical answer

Cropping changes the visible frame; it does not need to distort the image. Compare the source and target aspect ratios to understand which edge will lose content.

When the decision affects a paid print run, book upload, client order or expensive material, keep the calculation with the job notes and verify any external specification again immediately before production.

Sources